A new architectural marvel, the Tor Alva, or “White Tower”, was inaugurated this week in the remote Swiss alpine village of Mulegns.
Standing at an impressive 30 meters (approximately 98 feet), it claims the title of the world’s tallest 3D-printed structure.
The project is a significant step in showcasing the potential of digital fabrication techniques in construction, particularly for creating load-bearing structures without the need for traditional formwork.
The Tor Alva is an initiative of the Origen cultural foundation (Nova Fundaziun Origen) in close collaboration with ETH Zurich, one of Europe’s top-ranked universities.
Its primary aim is to serve as a vibrant cultural hub, hosting art installations, music, and theatre performances, thereby breathing new life into Mulegns, a village facing the challenges of depopulation, currently home to only around 11-16 residents.
The tower’s innovative design and construction were led by architects Michael Hansmeyer and ETH Zurich Professor Benjamin Dillenburger.
The structure is composed of 32 distinct, 3D-printed concrete columns that spiral upwards over four levels, culminating in a domed cupola theatre with a capacity for approximately 32-45 visitors.
This unique design, which allows for panoramic views of the Julier Valley, draws inspiration from the intricate craftsmanship of Baroque master builders and the history of Graubünden confectioners who exported their elaborate cake-making skills.
The construction utilized a pioneering robotic 3D-printing process developed at ETH Zurich.
This method involves the precise layering of a specially formulated concrete mixture – 2500 layers in total, each 10mm high – which had to be soft enough to bond yet quick-hardening enough to support subsequent layers.
This technique not only allows for the creation of complex, ornate geometries and hollow, material-efficient components but also integrates steel reinforcement during the printing process.
The total estimated print time for the 124 3D-printed elements was 900 hours.
President of ETH Zurich Joël Mesot sees the structure as a symbol of collaboration between the science community and industry: “The tower combines the latest insights from research with the expertise of companies and experts.
“Building the tower here, at the foot of the Julier Pass, has also allowed our researchers to gain important practical experience.”
Giovanni Netzer, theatre director and founder of the Origen cultural foundation, describes the project as a compelling synthesis of technology and artistic intent. “I was fascinated by the interplay between digital design, traditional craftsmanship, cultural memory and artistic form,” he said.
“The White Tower is more than a technical triumph – it inspires the building sector, encourages sustainable tourism and offers new cultural space. It also gives a fading village a new chance. That’s extraordinary.”
Federal Councillor Guy Parmelin praises the broad cooperation that had brought the vision to life. “The 3D-printed White Tower recalls the legacy of the Graubünden confectioners while showcasing innovation and collaboration,” he says.
“Novel ideas and technical know-how from ETH Zurich, the visionary drive of the Origen cultural foundation and support from public authorities, companies and private individuals made this exceptional project possible. I’m convinced this will become a cultural and touristic landmark.”
The Tor Alva is intended to remain in Mulegns for approximately five years, with guided tours commencing May 23, 2025, and performances starting in July.
A significant feature of its design is the ability to be dismantled and potentially re-erected elsewhere, showcasing a sustainable approach to monumental architecture.
