China’s National Development and Reform Commission plans to set up a state-backed venture capital fund focused on robotics, AI and cutting-edge innovation.
The long-term fund is expected to attract nearly 1 trillion yuan (approximately $140 billion) in capital from local governments and the private sector over 20 years.
This initiative aims to continue China’s technology-driven success story in manufacturing: In 10 years, the country’s global share of industrial robot installations has risen from around one-fifth to more than half of the world’s total demand.
Takayuki Ito, president of the International Federation of Robotics, says: “China has succeeded in upgrading its manufacturing industry at an unprecedented pace.
“Based on their national robotics strategy released in December 2021, the country has set an example of how to systematically strengthen competitiveness.”
The robotics success story
Chinese robot manufacturers have been able to significantly expand their domestic market share: Local suppliers’ annual industrial robot installations in China increased from 30 percent in 2020 to 47 percent in 2023.
These robot companies are benefiting from a growing Chinese consumer market with increasing demand for all kinds of consumer goods.
Various industries are expanding their automation capacity: For example, in 2023 nearly two-thirds of industrial robots in the electronics industry are installed in China alone.
Chinese manufacturers supply 54 percent of the industrial robots for this huge domestic market, and thus about 33 percent of the global demand in the electronics industry. Chinese robot suppliers for the metal and machinery industry even reached a domestic market share of 85 percent.
Risk capital to innovate
As an important next step, China aims to integrate robotics with other emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, improved core components and new application scenarios of smart manufacturing.
This is illustrated by China’s recent initiative to position humanoid robots as a frontier technology and the newly approved state-backed venture capital fund.
Dr Dietmar Ley, chairman of VDMA Robotics + Automation, says: “China has demonstrated how to leverage huge economies of scale.
“Massive investments are being made in humanoid robots, not only in China, where there is a national strategy for humanoids, but also in the US, where significant venture capital is driving innovation.
“Europe must not lag behind in this critical area. It is essential that European humanoid technology moves beyond the labs and into scalable, competitively priced production. This requires a coordinated effort to ensure that Europe remains at the forefront of humanoid robotics as well.”
China’s National People’s Congress and the national robotics strategy
The 14th National People’s Congress (NPC) held its third session from 5 to 11 March 2025. The sessions serve as China’s top legislative body, where decisions about the country’s laws, policies, and governance are made.
The 14th Five-Year Plan for Robot Industry Development is included in the 14th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China and the 2035 Vision Outline.
